Argue that hunting among the Bushman is not merely a physical act, but Essay - 1

Argue that hunting among the Bushman is not merely a physical act, but one that touches, often deeply, every domain of Bushman society and thus promotes social solidarity - Essay Example This paper argues that, in terms of Durkheim’s theory of solidarity, the Bushmen utilize hunting not just for obtaining food, but also for deeper domains of their life, specifically marital, religious, and economic customs and rites. Hunting in the Bushmen society influences social status, determines the rituals of religious traditions, and forms duty within extended family units, uniting the people in what Emile Durkheim refers to as ‘social solidarity’. As stated by Peter Kropotkin (Hann 1993, 27): But still we know that when the Europeans came, the Bushmen lived in small tribes (or clans), sometimes federated together; that they used to hunt in common, and divided the spoil without quarrelling; that they never abandoned their wounded, and displayed strong affection to their comrades. Emile Durkheim claims that traditional societies are bonded together by a type of social cohesion that is rooted in the commonalities of the members, or referred to as ‘mechanical solidarity’ (Komter 2004). The common values within these traditional societies, which are mostly religious in character, create a ‘collective consciousness’ for the society, a group of ideas, beliefs, and norms common to everybody (Komter 2004). There is modest individuality because individuals view themselves mainly in connection with their membership in the group. Hunting is still deeply embedded in the culture of Bushmen, even in instances where bands take care of their own cattle and grow their own food. The Bushmen are essentially hunters on the peripheries of the bigger non-Bushman culture. Bushmen are hunters in numerous ways. Gift-giving and kin relations include social ‘hunting’, for family connections and for bonds of exchange. Their spiritual or religious principle is distinguished as ‘hunting’ for knowledge (Hann 1993). It is factual that personal ties and hunting in Bushmen culture are

I will explain it in the instructions box below Essay

I will explain it in the instructions box below - Essay Example Students were taken from those with high anxiety towards math’s and those with low anxiety towards maths.This was also repeated on those with high and low beliefs towards the subject. The researchers grouped the children according to their perceptions on mathematics after undertaking tests on heir anxiety and beliefs. Teachers were also given tests and rated based on their performance. The main intervention was the use of Math Anxiety Scale-Revised Beliefs Survey), Number and Operation Task and Geometric Shapes Sorting Task as a way of collecting the data before analysis could be done. This was after getting the consent from parents, and the administrators of the preschool children under study. Questionnaires were administered to teachers and children. The questionnaires were administered in silent rooms in order for the children not to have distractions that could make them deviate from the questions. However, most of the data collected from the tests was used to get a clearer picture on the answers that the children and teachers gave and the outcome of the tests. Anxiety on the part of the teachers towards mathematics had no effect on the performance of the children towards math. Teacher’s beliefs on math, on the other hand had significance effect on the children’s achievement in mathematics. The findings of the study can be found to be significant and reproducible since they are consistent with other studies that show that teacher’s anxiety does not affect children’s performance in the subject. Hence, the findings indicate that math is learnt faster in the classroom whether the teacher is a filled with anxiety or not as long the teacher is giving out the right content. This implies the beliefs of teachers are of upmost importance pertaining the association and performance of children in mathematics in their later years. Also anxiety towards mathematics is of less importance as compared to belief in the same, hence,